2013年12月16日 星期一

背包客英文 - 美式、英式、澳洲英文單字之間的差異

美式、英式、澳洲英文分辨法



1. 單字字尾的差異


British English
英式英文
American English
美式英文
Example 舉例
(British - American 
英式-美式)
1
words ending in -re
change to -er
centre - center
metre - meter
2
words ending in -our
change to -or
colour - color
3
words ending in -ogue
change to -og
catalogue - catalog
4
words ending in -ise/ize
ending only in -ize
realise/realize - realize
5
final -l doubled after short vowel
l not always doubled after a short vowel
travelled - traveled
modelling - modeling
6
words ending in -ence
change to -ense
defence - defense
lic
ence - license




2. 單字與發音的差異




British English 英式英文
American English 美式英文
A
accelerator
gas pedal, accelerator
advertisement
commercial
aerial (TV, radio)
antenna, aerial
air hostess
flight attendant
alsatian
German shepherd
Amercian Indian
Native American
anorak
parka
anywhere
anyplace,anywhere
at home
home, at home
aubergine
eggplant
autumn
fall, autumn
B
baking tin
baking pan
bank holiday
legal holiday
barrister
lawyer
base rate
prime rate
bath
bathtub
to bath
to bathe
bathroom
bathroom (in privaten Räumen)/toilet
bedside table
nightstand
bill
check
bin
garbage can
biro
ball-point pen
biscuit
cookie
bobsleigh
bobsled
bonnet
hood
booking
reservation
bookshop
bookstore
bookstall
newsstand
boot
trunk
braces
suspenders
brackets
parentheses
C
candy floss
cotton candy
car park
parking lot
caravan
trailer
caretaker
janitor
casualty department
emergency room
catalogue
catalog
centre
center
chambers
law offices
chemist's shop
drugstore
cheque
check
chips
French fries
cinema
movie theater
city centre
downtown
cloakroom
checkroom
clothes peg
clothespin
coach
long distance bus
cocktail stick
toothpick
cocoa powder
unsweetened cocoa
coffin
casket, coffin
colour
color
condom
rubber, condom
cooker
stove
costume
swimsuit
cosy
cozy
cot (Baby)
crib
cotton
thread
crisps
potato chips
crossroads
crossroad (Land)
intersection (Stadt und Land)
cupboard
closet
current account
checking account
curriculum vitae
resume
cutlery
silverware
D
dialogue
dialog
dinner jacket
tux, tuxedo
directory enquiries
directory assistance
diversion
detour
doctor's surgery
doctor's office
double cream
heavy cream
draught
draft
draughts
checkers
drawing pin
thumbtack
dress circle
balcony
dressing gown
bathrobe
drink driving
drunk driving
driving licence
driver's license
duffle coat
trench coat
dummy
pacifier
dustbin
garbage can
duvet
bedspread
dynamo
generator
E
earth
ground
earth wire
ground wire
engaged
busy
engine
motor
to enquire
to inquire
enquiry
inquiry
entrée
appetizer
everywhere
everyplace, everywhere
exercise book
notebook
expiry date
expiration date
extra time
overtime
British English
American English
F
fag
cigarette
fancy dress
costumes
Father Christmas
Santa Claus
favourite
favorite
to fill in
to fill out
filling station
gas station
film
film, movie
fire brigade
fire department
first floor
second floor
fish-fingers
fish-sticks
flannel
face cloth, wash cloth
flashlight
photoflash
flat
apartment
(flat: eingeschossige Wohnung)
flavour
flavor
flyover
overpass
football
soccer
fortnight
two weeks
fringe
bangs
from Monday to Friday
from Monday to Friday
from Monday through Friday (Freitag eingeschlossen)
frying pan
skillet
G
gammon
ham
gangway
aisle
garden
yard
gear lever
gear shift
Gents
Men's Room
to give s.b. a lift
to give s.b. a ride
goods train
freight train
grammar school
high school
to grill
to broil
ground floor
first floor
H
hairdresser
barber shop
hairdresser
hairdresser, beauty shop
harbour
harbor
hard cooked egg
boiled egg
headmaster, head teacher
principal
high street
main street
to hire
to rent
hire purchase
instalment plan
hockey
field hockey
holiday
vacation
hoover
vaccum cleaner
humour
humor
I
ice-hockey
hockey
icing
frosting
icing sugar
powdered sugar
ill
nauseated
indicator
turn signal
injection
shot
insect
bug
interval
intermission
inverted commas, quotation marks
quotation marks
J
jab
shot
jacket potato
baked potato
jam
jelly (no pieces in it)
jewellery
jewelery
Joe Bloggs
John Doe
jug
pitcher
jumble sale
rummage sale
British English
American English
K
kilometre
kilometer
kitchen roll paper
paper towel
knickers
panties
L
label
tag
labour
labor
Ladies
ladies' room
ladybird
ladybug
lager
beer
to lay the table
to set the table
lead
leash
letterbox
mailbox
life jacket
life vest
lift
elevator
litre
liter
lorry
truck
lost property
lost and found
luggage
baggage, luggage
M
mackintosh
raincoat
main road
highway
maize
corn
managing director
president (business)
mashed potato
mashed potatoes
match
game
mate
buddy
maths
math
mean
stingy
medicine
drugs,medicine
mince meat
hamburger meat, ground beef
mobile (phone)
cellular, cell
motorbike
motorcycle
motorway
freeway, interstate
multi-storey car park
parking garage
mum
mom
N
nappy
diaper
national insurance number
social security number
neighbour
neighbor
newsagent's
newspaper store
normal
regular
note
bill
notice board
bulletin board
number plate
license plate
British English
American English
P
a pack of cards
a deck of cards
a packet of cigarettes
a package of cigarettes
paper knife
letter opener
paraffin
kerosene/kerosine
parliament
congress
pavement
sidewalk
pay rise
pay raise
pedestrian crossing
crosswalk
pepper
bell pepper
personnel department
human resources department
petrol
gas
phone box
phone booth
pickled cucumber
dill pickle
platform
track
plug hole
drain
polo neck
turtle neck
porridge
oatmeal
post
mail
post code
zip code
postman
mailman
primary school
elementary school
grade school
programme
program
pub
bar
pupil
student
to put sb. through
to connect sb.
Q
to queue
to line up
quid
buck
R
railway
railroad
reception
front desk
redundant
laid off
to ring
to call
road surface
pavement
roundabout
traffic circle, rotary
row
argument
rubber
eraser
rubbish
garbage
S
school report
report card
secondary school
high school
semi-detached house
duplex
share
stock
shop
store
shop assistant
sales clerk
single ticket
one-way ticket
skipping rope
jump rope
sledge
sled
solicitor
lawyer
Sorry.
Excuse me.
spanner
wrench
sports day
fields day
state school
public school
stock
inventory
store
superstore
storey
story
subway
underpass
sultana
raisin
to suppose
to guess
sweet shop
candy store
T
tap
faucet
taxi
cab, taxi
taxi rank
taxi stand
technical college
vocational school
telephonist
telephone operator
term
semester
terraces
bleachers
test
quiz
theatre
theater
till
cash register
timetable
schedule
tin
can
tissue
Kleenex
to think
to guess
toilet, loo
bathroom, rest room
tortoise
turtle
town centre
downtown
tracks
track
traffic lights
stop lights
trainers
sneakers
tram
streetcar
travelled
traveled
trolley
cart
trousers
pants
tumble dryer
clothes dryer
tyre
tire
British English
American English
U
underground, tube
subway
underlay
carpet pad
undertaker
funeral director
V
van
station wagon
vest
undershirt
video
VCR
W
wage cut
salary cut
waistcoat
vest
wallet
billfold
wardrobe
closet
to wash
wash up
wash up liquid
dish washing liquid
washing up powder
laundry soap
wellington boots
rubbers
wholemeal bread
brown bread
windscreen
windshield
wing
fender
Z
zebra crossing
crosswalk
zip
zipper


3. 英式英文與澳洲英文的差異


British English 英式英文
Australian English 澳洲英文
A
a good job
a good lurk
Absolutely!
Reckon!
accident
prang
afternoon
arvo
aggressive
aggro
alcohol
grog
alcohol
booze
American
Yank
angry
berko
Australian
Aussie, Strine
B
banana
nana
beer
amber (fluid)
beer glass (285 ml)
middy, pot
biscuit
Bickie
C
Car paint
Duco
cheap wine
plonk
chicken
chook
chocolate
chokkie
Christmas
Chrissie
criminal
bushranger
D
dockworker
wharfie
drunk
pissed
E
engine (car or boat)
donk
English person
pom
Eucalyptus tree
gum tree
evening meal
tea
exact information
good oil
excellent
ace
F
far away in the outback
back of beyond
farm
station
fast sheep shearer
ringer (in the country)
field
paddock
food
tucker
G
game
brave
Go away.
Shove off.
H
Have you eaten yet?
Did you eat yet?
Hi.
G'day mate.
horses
neddies
How are you?
How are you going?
I
idiot
dill, drongo
information
oil
it
she
it's fine
she's apples
K
kangaroo
Roo
L
lavatory
Loo
lavatory (outdoor)
dunny
Liquor Shop
Bottle Shop
M
Middle of nowhere
back of bourke
Milk bar (South Wales)
deli
milkman
milko
money
lolly (in the country)
mosquito
mozzie
N
New Zealander
kiwi, enzedder
nonsense
piffle
non-stop talk
earbush (old)
P
postman
postie
pub meal
counter meal
R
remote desert country
never-never
road for trucking cattle by road trains
beef road
S
sandwiches
cut lunch
sausage
snag
shark meat
flake
sheep
jumbuck (mainly in songs)
a sheep which has lost all its teeth
gummy
sheepdog
kelpie
sheepfarmer
woolgrower
Shut up.
Belt up.
soldier
digger
stony desert
gibber (used in the west)
stupid person
Alf
swiming costume
bathers
T
tasty food
num-nums (parent to kid talk )
tea kettle
Billie
teacher
chalkie
to complain
to grizzle
to give up
to give it away
to have a look
to gander
to hunt for gemstones
to fossick
toilet
comfort station
tomato sauce
dead horse (old)
trainee on a cattle farm
Jackaroo
trousers
daks, strides
U
underpants (men)
jocks
undertaker
mortician
V
vegetable extract (used for sandwiches)
vegemite
vegetables
vegies
W
waterhole
billabong
Well done!
Good on ya!


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